All Axis's and Heated Bed Complete

Whoops... Previously I had published a post with the above title or something similar and it took me a couple of hours or so to write up.  Got this great new App on the Iphone where you can do what you can do from a phone rather than a PC.  Brilliant I thought, got some text down and uploaded it to my blog area.  At home later I finished the blog and included some decent photos of progress so far.  Also put some explanations in, as I was thinking that I was using too much jargon again.  Even sprinkled in some jokes to make it a bit more entertaining.  Spent some time polishing it off and then published it to for all to see.

Checked on my phone later in the evening using this little app and it was telling me that I still had it in draft form.  Okay then, I don't need that, so deleted the draft.  Somehow that deleted my blog as well!  Never mind.  Lesson learnt.  Here's one photo of the progress thus far.  I'll wait now until I've finished all frame and axis work and write up fuller account before I start the electronics stage the build.

X Axis Carriage Assembly

I've decide not to update my blog every time I tighten a screw.  Instead I will update whenever I've completed a section.  That way I won't bore you too much.

Comments have been made saying that I'm not explaining things simply enough and thinking about it, unless you are familiar with all the terms, some references I make will not make sense.  So then, what's all this X, Y and Z stuff I keep going on about you may ask.  Well, in 3D printing everything works in 3 axis's unlike a normal printer that only works in 2 axis's, the X and Y. For example, looking down from the top onto a printed piece of paper everything is printed in one plane, the X Y plane.  The print head of a normal printer moves about the X axis and the paper itself is moved a fraction at a time in the Y axis.


The X Carriage holds the extruder

When looking at a 3D printer from the front, the X axis is movement from left to right or right to left.  This is done by movement of the actual print head (Hot End or Extruder) which is mounted to the X Axis Carriage and runs along 2 smooth rods.  All of which I have just finished tonight.

The Y axis is the movement of the The Frog Plate which supports the heated bed where the 3D object is printed on. The build of this was described in an earlier post. The heated bed moves front to back or back to front along the Y axis assembly also on 2 smooth rods.

The extra dimension for a 3D printer is the Z axis.  The Z axis movement starts at the bottom just above the heated bed and moves a fraction of a millimeter at a time upwards as each layer is printed.  All 3 of these movements happen at the same time to build a 3D object and are controlled by little electronic motors.

Hope that's shed some light on how a 3D printer works a little.  There's lots of other technologies not covered yet, but I'll try explain what's what when I get to them.



Idle end of X  Carriage cracked

As for tonight's work I have made some mistakes.  First of the X Carriage itself had dozens of nuts, bolts and washers.  Once it had been built I had 2 nuts and one washer left over!  Like building something from Ikea.  That meant I hadn't read the instruction properly and had to review everything I'd done, count all the items and compare what I had made with the pictures on the Web.  Got it all figured out in the end though.

The smooth rods I used were the wrong length.  I had used the smooth rods that were supposed to have been used for the frog plate or Y axis.  Needed to undo those and swap them over.  In the process of me doing so meant re-inserting them back into the X Carriage ends.  Using too much force cracked one of the printed parts.  It's still intact, but I hope I can get away with super glueing back as it is not completely broken and won't be weight bearing when in operation.  Fingers crossed.  I can always print out a new part once the whole thing has been built.

Assembled X Carriage

One last mistake I made was not to de-burr or round off the ends of the smooth rods enough.  As I needed to insert these rods through bearings more than once, they caught the inside of one of them and popped out a couple of the tiny little ball bearings that were inside.  This should not matter too much as all the others are are held firmly in place with the smooth rod inserted.

Y Motor Assembly

The Y motor moves the Frog plate backwards and forwards as you look at the printer.  Was a little tricky as I had there were no pictures showing how to set the belt pulley, but I was able to see how that was done by looking at picture of the fully assembled frame.  I need pictures!  There is a worded description of how to fit it all together, however it's full of unfamiliar component names at this point, so I just figured it out logically from the picture and good reasoning.  The printed belt clamp holders have rough kind of serrated edges on one side and I thought that that was due bad resolution on the printing, but no it was all in the design.  The serrated edges are designed that way to grip the belt when tightened down by the bolts.

The second part of this motor assembly is the little black micro stop switch you can see above towards the top middle third of the picture.  This will halt the travel of the plate to stop it from hitting the edge when moving back and forth.

Finished The Frame

Completed Frame with Y axis Frog plate

Got a couple more hours in on the build last night.  Finished the frame assembly.  Was keen to make sure that I did have all the angles correct.  So it was off down two flights of stairs to the kitchen again, and the flat work surface.  Shimmed up back two legs with 4 bits of paper to get the spirit level indicator correct. Did the plumb weight technique on the vertical Z smooth bars.  I'd done this before and had it mostly right, but now it was off by a mile! My partner uses the same computer room to do her web surfacing, mostly the MSN website (she hasn't figured out how to change home page yet) and browsing for yet more holiday bargains.  When she does this she likes to get comfortable, meaning putting her feet up on the table.  I asked her if she had touched the frame and she said "Oh... yes well, I did try to put my foot through, but then saw that there was a bit of cotton in the way".  That was my plumb line.  Why would she try to put her foot through the frame? I thought to myself.  Anyway, she had only twisted one of the bottom U clamps through 180 degrees.  It was loose, so didn't matter, put it back and all was well again. Politely asked if she could be more careful next time she goes up there.

Smooth rods in and tightened off. The next stage is the Y axis frog plate. Think this is the bottom part of the heated bed support and will have a belt clamp to driven by one of the stepper motors. The motor was put together with it's supports in readiness for mounting somewhere. Next was frog plate, so called, I think, due the laser cut shape in the middle that resembles a frog. This piece was easy to assemble with the bearings and clamp fixings. It was longer to go through all the plastic bags to find the parts that were needed than to build it. The belt will attach to the clamps and is driven by the motor and will move the plate in the Y direction when all is operational.

If you are interested in seeing some time lapse build videos.  Some are short and some are long, but it will give you an idea of how things went together.  They are shot at one frame per second and viewed at 30 fps.

Frame Assembly

Assembly of the frame is now compete

Last night I managed to complete the frame assembly of X Y and Z axis.   This was good because now I could see what the whole assembly would look like. I'd put the some of the nuts on the wrong way round on the screw bars.  I needed to twiddle them off, turn them around and twiddle them (satisfying feeling... twiddling) back on again before hand tightening.  The distance between the plastic parts on the triangle Z axis is 290 mm and 273 mm between the horizontal X and Y axis.  The kit included a handy little measuring template with these various distances marked on it.  I am now at step five the frame assembly. This is the part where you slide in the smooth rods on Y axis (heated bed) and Z axiz (up and down motors).  Now for the important alignment part. The Z axis smooth rods have to perfectly vertical and squared to the X and Y axis.  To do this I shall opt for lengths of cotton and blue tack acting as plumb weights advised by author of the Mendel build instructions.


Down to the kitchen work surface which is meant to be flat as hell.  Cotton, Blu Tac and a spirit level used here. I'm happy as I can be that I have now got everything square and level.  Not shown in the picture is the smooth Z rods.  The Z rods will be where the two lengths of cotton are.

Unpacking And a Little Building

All neatly laid parts of what you get in the box

Arrived home with my 8kg box of printer parts.  Read the enclosed paper work before setting out to sort all the items and check that they were all there.  I was mildly surprised find that the invoice was for £311 not the £500 I thought I'd paid.  Um, this may have meant that I didn't purchase the correct kit?  Quickly checked the website.  You can buy the kit with or without the printed plastic parts and indeed I did have the plastic parts.  I'm assuming that as I do have the plastic parts that then the prices indicated on the site must be old and that they are selling for a lot cheaper.  All is good.  Have spent about £100 less than I thought, can't be bad.

Whilst doing my research I had watched a few build videos of RepRap printers being built.  Some of those vids where done in time lapse video.  I went about to find some free software that would allow me to do the same.  Suppose I couldn't gotten an app for my Iphone to do the job, but I wanted something I could use my webcam with as this is sitting on top of my monitor and provided a nice view of my build area on the computer table.  Have never used time lapse video recording before, but have worked out that it takes a snap about every half second.  Yet to see what it actually looks like when viewed.  I will upload this to the my blog at some point to give my 'bored with text' readers something to look at.  btw I have 2 page views since I put my blog up and I think one of those was me!  Not expecting much.



All these bits go somewhere!

In the box is a big polyurethane bag full of white PLA plastic parts.  Upon inspection these parts seemed quite well made, light with not bad resolution I thought.  However I never held a 3D printed plastic part before anyway, so who was I to know.  Needed to check that I had all of them, so refered back the RepRap site and layed them out exactly as in their picture.  Yep, all parts were there  Some confusion over the U bend joints as they were different sizes and I had a fairly big box shaped item that was in the picture.  I think this must be something to encase something.  No doubt I'll find out what it is later.

This is my starting point for the build.  As you can see the way everything is laid out makes it all very clear.  The author I think his name is Adrian Bowyer instructs in a way that so far does not lead to any ambiguity.  He puts notes in areas where it's likely you could slip up and thus ensuring that you don't.  So, last night I got as far as Step 3 in the frame assembly.  This meant putting together the many threaded rods and plastic interconnects between them.  This was fun.  I took it slow, carefully measured the distances using the provided template that was shipped with the kit.  All only hand tightened at this stage.  I even went as far and making sure I had the M8 nuts the correct way round and I knew from my GCSE technical drawing days at school that nuts may seem that you put them on either way, but in fact on side is slightly more beveled than the other, meaning that the none beveled side or bottom is the end that is meant to meet the surface where it tightens up to.  Lots flicking nuts around long threaded bars!
All done for now.  Hope to get back to building soon.

3D Printing My First Blog Entry

6 weeks ago I somehow got interested then fascinated by the whole concept of being able to print something out in 3 dimensions.  From that point on I researched the Web to find out more.  It wasn't too long before I found out that 3D printing is massive and that it really is available to the ordinary folk to do at home.  This led me to looking for the best way forward in terms actually obtaining one for myself.  That in turn led me to realising that I could buy one in kit form and build it myself!

The obvious place for me I thought would be where I could find the most support as I was sure that it would not be easy.  This is where I learnt about reprap 3d printers and thier online community.  So 3 weeks ago I ordered a RepRapPro Mendel printer in kit form for about £500.  This arrived at my work place today.  Tonight i'm taking it home to check out the contents.  Not sure if I'll start building it tonight, but thought it wise to ensure that I have all the parts I need.  I must say that the RepRap people kept me fully informed about the delivery of my printer.  There was a slight delay as they were waiting on some components to complete my kit.

Really though,  this delay was good, in that it gave me time to do more research.   I have a basic knowledge of electronics from college in my younger days and I like to think that I have an engineering mind.  I relearnt OHM's law, this was interesting because you can actually download simple electronics course via ITunesYou.  So, have done that.  Also as I know that an Arduino board is used with this printer I ordered an Arduino Started Kit, that teaches a noob simple electronics with LED's Motors Sensor and the like.  There is a tool list you require to build, most of which I had from normal DIY bits and pieces that collected over the years.  I've gone out bought the items that I didn't have.  Now I'm prepared.

It's going to be a long journey.  There will be lots of things that will go wrong.  Frustration will befall me.  I will need to stop playing games and dedicate my spare time as and when I can.  Family, come first of course, but I'm hoping they will allow me to carry out my new hobby.